Begonia melanobullata: Difference between revisions

**Quick Species Info**
Species	melanobullata
Region	Asia
Country	Vietnam
Year published	2015
Date of Origin	2010
Plant Type	Rhizomatous
Section	Coelocentrum
Chr 2n	30

Latest revision as of 12:34, 27 September 2023

Species Information[edit]

Classification and Origin[edit]

This plant is allied with B. ferox. It is found in Vietnam, specifically in Cao Bang Province, Thach An District. The type specimens were collected on June 29, 2010, and additional specimens were cultivated in Taiwan.

Habitat[edit]

Found on semi-shaded wet cliffs or steep limestone slopes in evergreen broad-leaved forests, at an elevation of 300–400 m.

Characteristics[edit]

Begonia melanobullata is a perennial, rhizomatous herb. It has a stout, creeping rhizome that can grow up to 50 cm long and 1-2.5 cm thick. The stipules are yellowish to pale green, ovate-triangular, and have a keeled shape. The leaves are alternate, widely ovate to elliptic, with unique features like bullae (small raised structures) on the upper leaf surface. The inflorescences emerge directly from the rhizome, forming branched dichasial cymes. The plant exhibits both staminate (male) and pistillate (female) flowers.

Flower Details[edit]

The staminate flowers have 4 tepals, with the outer 2 being broadly ovate and the inner 2 being elliptic. There are around 65-80 stamens with yellowish-green to gold yellow anthers. The pistillate flowers have 3 tepals, and the ovary is trigonous-ellipsoid with wings. The styles are fused at the base and form a twisted stigma. The capsule is also trigonous-ellipsoid with wings.

Distribution and Habitat[edit]

This species is endemic to Thach An District, Cao Bang Province, Vietnam, close to the border with China. It grows in semi-shaded wet cliffs or steep limestone slopes within evergreen broad-leaved forests. Its elevation ranges from 300 to 400 meters.

Etymology[edit]

The specific name "melanobullata" refers to the dark maroon bullae on the leaf surface.

Comparison to Similar Species[edit]

Begonia melanobullata is similar to B. ferox and B. nahangensis in having dark bullae on the leaf upper surface. However, it is distinct due to its ovate to elliptic leaf shape, longer peduncle, more branched inflorescence, and different flower characteristics. Detailed comparisons with B. ferox and B. nahangensis are provided, highlighting differences in leaf shape, flower color, and other features.

References[edit]

- Ching-I Peng, Che-Wei Lin, Hsun-An Yang, Yoshiko Kono and Hieu Quang Nguyen. "Six new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from limestone areas in Northern Vietnam." Botanical Studies 2015, 56:9. - Hughes M. et al. "Asian Begonia 203, 2018."

care[edit]

Photos[edit]

B.melanobullata specs

B.melanobullata drawing

External Links[edit]

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Begonia-melanobullata-C-I-Peng-C-W-Lin-A-Habitat-B-Habit-C-D-Portion-of-leaf_fig6_277364353

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Begonia melanobullata ==
+__NOTOC__
-{{Infobox_Plant
+<div class="page-container">
-| image = Example.jpg
+  <div class="infobox-container">
-| species_name = B. Melanobullata
+    <div class="infobox">
-| publication_date = 2015
+      <div class="infoboximg">
-| country = Vietnam
+        [[File:Melanobullata2.jpg|thumb|center| B.melanobullata]]
-| region = Asia
+</div>
-| section = Coelocentrum
+        {{Infoboxsp
-| plant_type = Rhizomatous
+        | species = melanobullata
-}}
+        | region = Asia
-[[File:Melanobullata2.jpg]]
+        | country = Vietnam
+        | year_published = 2015
+        | Date_of_Origin = 2010
+        | plant_type = Rhizomatous
+        | section = Coelocentrum
+        | Chr_2n = 30
+        }}
+    </div>
+</div>
+    <div class="content">
+=== Species Information ===
+==== Classification and Origin ====
+This plant is allied with B. ferox. It is found in Vietnam, specifically in Cao Bang Province, Thach An District. The type specimens were collected on June 29, 2010, and additional specimens were cultivated in Taiwan.
+==== Habitat ====
+Found on semi-shaded wet cliffs or steep limestone slopes in evergreen broad-leaved forests, at an elevation of 300–400 m.
-=== Taxonomy ===
+==== Characteristics ====
+Begonia melanobullata is a perennial, rhizomatous herb. It has a stout, creeping rhizome that can grow up to 50 cm long and 1-2.5 cm thick. The stipules are yellowish to pale green, ovate-triangular, and have a keeled shape. The leaves are alternate, widely ovate to elliptic, with unique features like bullae (small raised structures) on the upper leaf surface. The inflorescences emerge directly from the rhizome, forming branched dichasial cymes. The plant exhibits both staminate (male) and pistillate (female) flowers.
-- Genus: ''Begonia''
+==== Flower Details ====
-- Species Cultivar: ''B. melanobullata''
+The staminate flowers have 4 tepals, with the outer 2 being broadly ovate and the inner 2 being elliptic. There are around 65-80 stamens with yellowish-green to gold yellow anthers. The pistillate flowers have 3 tepals, and the ovary is trigonous-ellipsoid with wings. The styles are fused at the base and form a twisted stigma. The capsule is also trigonous-ellipsoid with wings.
-- Author: C.-I Peng & C. W. Lin (Botanical Studies 2015, 56:9)
-- Publication Date: 2015
-- Date of Origin: 2010
-- Place: Cao Bang Province, Thach An District, N Vietnam
-- Habitat: Found on semi-shaded wet cliffs or steep limestone slopes in evergreen broad-leaved forests, at an elevation of 300–400 m.
-=== Region ===
-- Asia
+==== Distribution and Habitat ====
-=== Section ===
+This species is endemic to Thach An District, Cao Bang Province, Vietnam, close to the border with China. It grows in semi-shaded wet cliffs or steep limestone slopes within evergreen broad-leaved forests. Its elevation ranges from 300 to 400 meters.
-- Section: Coelocentrum
-=== Genetics ===
+==== Etymology ====
-- Chromosome Number: 2n = 30
+The specific name "melanobullata" refers to the dark maroon bullae on the leaf surface.
-=== Plant Type ===
-Rhizomatous
-=== Etymology ===
+==== Comparison to Similar Species ====
-The specific name is derived from Latin words, ''melano'' (very dark) and ''bulla'' (bubble or blister), referring to the leaf surface.
+Begonia melanobullata is similar to B. ferox and B. nahangensis in having dark bullae on the leaf upper surface. However, it is distinct due to its ovate to elliptic leaf shape, longer peduncle, more branched inflorescence, and different flower characteristics. Detailed comparisons with B. ferox and B. nahangensis are provided, highlighting differences in leaf shape, flower color, and other features.
-=== References ===
+==== References ====
 - ''Ching-I Peng, Che-Wei Lin, Hsun-An Yang, Yoshiko Kono and Hieu Quang Nguyen''. "Six new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from limestone areas in Northern Vietnam." ''Botanical Studies'' 2015, 56:9.
 - Hughes M. et al. "Asian Begonia 203, 2018."
+=== care ===
 === Photos ===
-[[File:Melanobullatadetails.jpg]]
+[[File:Melanobullatadetails.jpg|thumb|center| B.melanobullata specs]] [[File:MelanobullataDrawing.jpg|thumb|center| B.melanobullata drawing]]
+=== External Links ===
-=== description ===
+https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Begonia-melanobullata-C-I-Peng-C-W-Lin-A-Habitat-B-Habit-C-D-Portion-of-leaf_fig6_277364353
-Allied with B. ferox; TYPE: VIETNAM. Cao Bang Province, Thach An District, N 22°31’23”, E 106°20’41”. Living collection made on June 29, 2010; type specimens pressed from plants cultivated in the experimental greenhouse in Academia Sinica, Taiwan, 22 April 2014, Ching-I Peng 22609 (holotype: HAST; isotypes: E, HN) (Figures 6 and and77). Herbs, monoecious, perennial, rhizomatous. Rhizome stout, creeping, to 50 cm long,1–2 (−2.5) cm thick, internodes 1–2 cm long, villous near petiole insertion. Stipules yellowish to pale green, ovate-triangular, 1.4–2.5 cm long, 1–1.8 cm wide, strongly keeled, abaxially hairy along midrib, apex aristate, arista ca. 0.2 cm long. Petiole red to olive-green, terete, 8–21 cm long, 0.4–0.8 cm thick, densely white villous when young, turning brownish tomentose, sometimes subglabrous with age. Leaves alternate, blade asymmetric, widely ovate to widely elliptic, 13–21 cm long, 9–15 cm wide, broad side 6.5–12 cm wide, basal lobes cordate, 5–8.5 cm, apex caudate, base strongly oblique-cordate, margin repand, thick chartaceous, villous when juvenile, adaxially emerald green to yellowish green, surface densely bullate, bulla dark maroon, conical, 2–8 mm high, 3–8 mm across, tipped with a velutinous hair 6–10 mm long, abaxially pale green, reddish on veins and bullae, brownish tomentose on veins; venation palmate with 7–9 primary veins, midrib distinct, with 2–4 secondary veins on each side, tertiary veins reticulate or percurrent, minor veins reticulate. Inflorescences arising directly from rhizome, dichasial cymes branched 4–6 times; peduncle 15–38 cm long, tomentose; bracts at cyme base pale green, ovate, ca. 1 cm long, 0. 5 cm wide, boat-shaped, veins reddish, margin fimbriate, bracteoles on upper nodes similar but gradually smaller. Staminate flower: pedicel ca. 1.5 cm long, tepals 4, outer 2 broadly ovate, 6–9 mm long, 7–9 mm wide, abaxially greenish-reddish, sparsely setulose, adaxially yellowish-green, inner 2 greenish, elliptic, 5–7 mm long, 3–4 mm wide; androecium actinomorphic, spheroid, 2.5–3.5 mm across; stamens 65–80; anthers yellowish green to gold yellow, slightly compressed, obovate, 0.5–0.8 mm long, apex retuse to obtuse; filaments fused at base into a column ca. 1.5 mm long; Pistillate flower: pedicel ca. 1.5 cm long, tepals 3, outer 2 suborbicular or broadly ovate, abaxially reddish, adaxially yellowish-pinkish, 7–8 mm long, 7–8 mm wide, inner 1 yellowish-pinkish, elliptic, 4–6 mm long, 0.2–0.3 cm wide; ovary trigonous-ellipsoid, 8–10 mm long, 4 mm thick (wings excluded), reddish, sparsely dotted with sessile glands, 3-winged, wings unequal, reddish-green, lateral wings 2–3 mm wide, abaxial wing crescent-shaped, 8–10 mm long, 4–6 mm wide; styles 3, fused at base, yellow or greenish, ca. 3 mm long, stigma spirally twisted. Capsule trigonous-ellipsoid, 12–19 mm long, 5–8 mm thick (wings excluded), greenish or reddish when fresh; wings unequal, lateral wings 2–4 mm wide, abaxial wing crescent-shaped, 5–7 mm wide. Somatic chromosome number, 2n = 30. Distribution and ecology Endemic to Thach An District, Cao Bang Province, Vietnam (Figure 3), near the border between Vietnam and China. On semi-shaded wet cliffs or steep limestone slopes in evergreen broad-leaved forest, elevation at 300–400 m. Etymology The specific epithet refers to the color of the bullae on leaf surface. Notes Begonia melanobullata resembles B. ferox C.-I Peng & Yan Liu (Guangxi, China) and B. nahangensis Aver. & H. Q. Nguyen (Northern Vietnam) in having blackish bullae on leaf upper surface. However, Begonia melanobullata is sharply distinct in other aspects. The new species is similar to B. ferox, differing by the leaves widely ovate to widely elliptic (vs. ovate), peduncle 15–38 cm (vs. 5–13 cm) long, inflorescence branched 4–6 (vs. 3–4) times, staminate flower tepals greenish (vs. yellowish-reddish) and smaller anthers. Begonia melanobullata also resembles B. nahangensis, differing in the leaf apex acuminate (vs. obtuse), staminate flower greenish (vs. white to pinkish); tepals of pistillate flowers yellowish-pinkish (vs. light olive-green), suborbicular or broadly ovate (vs. broadly reniform). A comparison of salient features of the three species is shown in Table 3. Begonia melanobullata is known only from limestone areas in Cao Bang Province.
+ </div>
+</div>
+[[Category:Species]]
+[[Category:Rhizomatous]]
+[[Category:Asia]]